In patients with atrial fibrillation (AFib), who are on anticoagulation after recent ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, cerebral microbleed presence is independently associated with symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage risk and could be used to inform anticoagulation decisions, according to results of the Clinical Relevance of Microbleeds in Stroke (CROMIS-2) observational trial published online May 16, 2018 in The Lancet Neurology.